ObjectiveTo evaluate the incidence of catheterassociated nosocomial infection(NI)in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.MethodsPatients in ICU from November 2006 to October 2007 received targeted surveillance. The application of  respirators, arteriovenous catheters，  urinary catheters and associated NI were monitored and analyzed.ResultsA total of 224 patients received targeted surveillance, the incidence of NI was 36.16%(81cases). Daily NI rate was 69.53‰,  which was adjusted to be 20.82‰ by ASIS. The application rate of respirators, arteriovenous catheters and urinary catheters was 51.33%, 96.22% and 96.14% respectively,  the daily infection rate of ventilationassociated pneumonia, blood stream infection and  urinary tract infection was 45.15‰, 6.24‰ and 8.93‰ respectively. The common bacteria in  respiratory tract infection were Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus; The common bacteria in blood stream infection were Candida albicans, Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; The common bacteria in urinary tract infection were Escherichia coli, Enterococcus and Candida albicans.ConclusionThe application of catheters are the leading factors causing NI in ICU patients. Appropriate preventive measures must be taken to reduce catheterassociated NI in ICU patients.