ObjectiveTo realize the clinical data and related risk factors of ventilatorassociated pneumonia (VAP) in patients in an intensive care unit ( ICU) .MethodsClinical data and bacterial culture results of secretion in respiratory tract of patients with VAP in ICU from May 2007 to May 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. ResultsA total of 263 strains of pathogens were isolated from 120 patients, gramnegative bacilli, grampositive cocci, and fungi accounted for 58.56%, 25.09% and 16.35% respectively. The main pathogens of VAP included Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Candida glabrata. Ninetyfive cases（79.17%） had infections with at least 2 kinds of pathogens. Pathogens had high resistance to antimicrobial agents. The increase of the incidence of VAP was associated with the long duration of ventilation (P<0.05), as well as delayed disinfection and change in ventilators canalis, and indwelling nasogastric intubation (P<0.001). ConclusionThe main pathogens in VAP is gramnegative bacilli, mixed infection is high, and antimicrobial resistance is increasing. Patients with mechanical ventilation should be given comprehensive prevention and intensive care .