ObjectiveTo investigate the state and risk factors for nosocomial infection (NI) in a general intensive care unit(ICU) .MethodsPatients who were hospitalized in ICU for >48 hours between JanuaryDecember, 2007 were investigated by targeted monitor methods.ResultsA total of 214 patients were surveyed, 51 patients developed 67 cases of NI, NI rate was 23.83%, NI case rate was 31.31%. The main infection sites were lung (71.64%) and urinary tract (11.94%). 217 strains of pathogens were isolated, 116(53.46%) of which were gramnegative bacilli, 82(37.79%) were grampositive cocci, 19(8.76%) were fungi. The top 4 pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus (26.73%), Acinetobacter baumannii(10.06%), Enterococci spp.(10.60%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(9.68%). The risk factors for NI were age≥58 years old, dysfunctin of organs, use of respirator, long length of staying in ICU.ConclusionNI is high in ICU patients, the major pathogen is gramnegative bacilli, prevention should be carried out according to the related risk factors and commonly occurred NI.