ObjectiveTo study the effect of γ interferoninducible protein 10 (IP10) on pulmonary pathological changes in mice infected with influenza virus (IV) or respiratory syncytial virus(RSV).MethodsPulmonary pathological changes in mice infected with IV or RSV after being administered IP10 were compared with mice infected with IV or RSV alone, normal control and only IP10 administration mice were set up.Results The mice infected with IV or RSV after receiving IP10 developed severe pulmonary inflammation, mice infected with IV or RSV alone also developed interstitial pneumonia, but less serious than the mice infected with IV or RSV receiving IP10, there were significant difference between the two respectively (t=-12.56;t=-5.60, both P<0.01). After being administered IP10, mice infected with IV was more serious than the mice infected with RSV, there was significant difference in pathological scores of interstitial pneumonia(t=7.73, P<0.01).ConclusionIP10 is an important chemokine which has great effect on the severity of pneumonia caused by IV or RSV.