ObjectiveTo investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens isolated from blood in recent 4 years in a hospital, so as to provide a basis for rational use of antimicrobial agents in clinic.MethodsBlood specimens collected from outpatients and inpatients during 2006-2009 were cultured, and drug sensitivity tests were conducted. The distribution and drug resistance of pathogens were studied and analyzed.ResultsAmong all blood samples in the past four years, 633 strains of pathogens were isolated, the positive isolation rate was 10.32%(633/6 135), 240 strains (37.92%) of which were gramnegative bacteria; 354 (55.92%) were grampositive bacteria; 39 (6.16%) were Candida. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis were three dominant pathogens, which accounting for 18.17%,17.22%, and 15.64% respectively. Gramnegative bacteria had the most sensitive rate to imipenem, the resistant rate was only 1.67%. Compared with 2006, the resistant rates of gramnegative bacteria to ampicillin, piperacillin/tazobactam, cefoperazone/sulbactam,and aztreonam increased significantly in 2009 (P<0.05)；Among grampositive bacteria, there were only two vancomycinresistant Enterococci strains, the resistant rates of grampositive bacteria to penicillin,cefotaxime,levofloxacin,clindamycin, and azithromycin increased continuously; Compared with 2006, the resistant rates of grampositive bacteria to these antimicrobial agents in 2009 increased significantly(P<0.05).ConclusionStaphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are the most common pathogens in grampositive bacteria and gramnegative bacteria, respectively, drug resistance of isolated pathogens increases year by year; Monitoring on pathogens and trends of drug resistance is important for rational use of antimicrobial agents.