ObjectiveTo study the epidemiological characteristics of nosocomial infections (NIs) in patients undergoing prodonor liver transplantation, so as to  evaluate the prevention and control measures.MethodsFiftyfive patients  undergoing prodonor liver transplantation in a hospital between  2007 and  2008  were analyzed statistically. ResultsAmong 55 patients, 14 patients  developed 18 cases  NIs, NI  rate was 25.45%, case infection rate was 32.73%. Forty-eight pathogenic strains were isolated ,the major strains were gramnegative bacilli(32 isolates,66.67%), followed by grampositive cocci(9 isolates,18.75%) and fungi(7 isolates,14.58%). The main infection site was lung(6 cases), followed by abdominal cavity(3), biliary tract (3), upper respiratory tract(3),bacteremia(2), and acute gastroenteritis(1). NI group had more days in intensive care unit (ICU) stay , preoperative antimicrobial application , use of ventilator and  venous catheter ,and perihepatic drainage than those of noninfection group (P<0.05). ConclusionPatients undergoing  prodonor liver transplantation have low postoperative infection rate; the susceptible factors for NI  include longterm ICU stay  and preoperative use of antimicrobial drugs, and the  invasive factors for postopereative NI are  long term  ventilator, intravenous catheter days and perihepatic drainage  .