ObjectiveTo investigate the risk factors of transmission of suspected acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis(AHC) in the S hospital of Shenzhen city, and provide a scientific basis for timely control of the epidemic.MethodsCases were searched according to the definition of AHC, and distribution of space,time and population were described; hypothesis were put forward based on field epidemiological investigation; casecontrol study was adopted to compare the difference in the possible risk factors between case and control groups.ResultsFrom June 7 to June 15, 2011, 11 AHC cases were found in W inpatient department of the S hospital. The attack rate was 6.01%(11/183)， and the major clinical manifestations were conjunctival congestion(100.00%), tingling(81.82%), and foreign body sensation(72.73%). The median of disease course was 6 days (3-11days). No complication was found.The attack rate of patients living in corridor beds was significantly higher than that of patients living inside the ward room (13.24% ［9 / 68］ vs 2.70% ［2 / 74］, χ2=5.50，P=0.02). Using a public toilet (OR=12.21,95% CI:1.28-288.33), using a public lavatory (OR=12.21,95% CI:1.28-288.33) and rubbing eyes (OR=6.22, 95% CI:1.08-39.96) were risk factors; analysis on habit of rubbing the eyes “often or sometimes”, “occasionally”, “never” showed that the risk of developing AHC increased with increasing frequency of rubbing eyes（Liner trend χ2=5.54，P=0.02）.ConclusionClinical manifestations and epidemiological data suggest that this is an outbreak of AHC. S hospital is suggested to strengthen disinfection of the public toilets, faucets and other public places, and patients are suggested not to rub eyes directly by hand; government are suggested to increase investment in the beds construction of medical and health institutions.