ObjectiveTo investigate the point prevalence of healthcareassociated infection(HAI) and communityassociated infection (CAI) in patients in a hospital, so as to provide basis for the prevention and control of HAI.MethodsBy combination of bedside survey and medical record reviewing, all patients who were hospitalized between 0:00 and 24:00 o’clock of September 26, 2011were investigated.Results1 331 patients should be surveyed, 1 309 (98.35%) were actually surveyed. 237 patients were infected,57 (4.35%) of whom developed 60 episodes(4.58%) of HAI ; 181 (13.83%) of whom developed 183 episodes (13.98%) of CAI; 1 patient developed both HAI and CAI. The top three infection sites of HAI were lower respiratory tract(48.33%), organ space (16.67%) and urinary tract (8.33%). CAI were common in the following three departments : department of respiration medicine（84.44%）, pediatric department（71.43%） and intensive care unit（50.00%）；the main infection sites of CAI were lower respiratory tract（45.36%） and skin and soft tissue(15.30%）. A total of 65 pathogenic strains were isolated, 33 of which were HAI isolates and 32 were CAI isolates; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae altogether accounted for 72.73%（24/33） of HAI and 78.13%（25/32）of CAI .The daily antimicrobial usage rate was 27.43%(359 cases), 52.92% of which were for prophylactic use, 43.45% for therapeutic use, and 3.62% for both prophylactic and therapeutic use; 88.02% of antimicrobial application were single dose, and 11.98% were the combination of two agents. Pathogen detection rate was 61.54%(104/169).ConclusionSurvey of point prevalence of infection is helpful to the realizing of the current state of HAI and CAI and application of antimicrobial agents, and is beneficial to the target surveillance of infection.