Objective To evaluate the epidemiological characteristics and related risk factors for surgical site infection (SSI),so as to propose intervention measures.MethodsMedical records of 25 228 surgery patients who were discharged between January 2009 and September 2011 were surveyed retrospectively, distribution of healthcareassociated infection(HAI), influencing factors and distribution of pathogens were analyzed,and possible risk factors were conducted Logistic analysis.ResultsAmong 25 228 surgery patients, 539 developed 554 times of SSI, SSI rate was 2.14%, case infection rate was 2.20%. Logistic analysis showed the risk factors for SSI infection were as follows: classification of operation(OR 95% CI, 1.29-18.43), incision type (OR 95% CI, 1.19-9.28), diabetes(OR 95% CI, 1.25-7.23), duration of operation (OR 95% CI, 1.14-6.69), age (OR 95% CI, 1.13-3.99), intraoperative bleeding (OR 95% CI, 1.25-2.78), length of hospital stay (OR 95% CI, 1.38-2.39), preoperative infection focus (OR 95%CI, 1.21-1.50). SSI mainly concentrated in departments of hepatobiliary surgery（6.53%）, cardiothoracic surgery（4.87%） and urology（3.91%）; a total of 506 pathogenic isolates were detected, the majority were Pseudomonas aeruginosa（22.33%），Acinetobacter baumannii（14.62%） and Enterococcus faecalis（11.07%）.ConclusionThe occurrence of SSI is related to multiple factors, incision infection surveillance should be intensified.