ObjectiveTo explore the risk factors and economic burden of ventilatorassociated pneumonia（VAP）caused by Acinetobacter baumannii (A.baumannii).MethodsLogistic regression for 1∶1 matched casecontrol study was adopted to analyze risk factors for 33 cases of VAP caused by A. baumannii, length of hospital stay, hospitalization expense, and drug expense of two groups were compared. ResultsTracheotomy was the major risk factor for A. baumannii VAP（P=0.005，OR=65.29）. The median length of hospital stay in case group and control group were 48 and 23 days respectively. After adjusting, ttest showed that length of hospital stay in case group was significantly higher than that of control group(t=6.237，P＜0.001).The total hospitalization expense and expense of drugs in case group were both higher than those of control group(median 198 400 yuan vs 59 900 yuan P＜0.001; 97 200 yuan vs 22 300 yuan,P＜0.001）,the average expense per hospitalization day between two groups was not significantly different（P=0.085）, but the average drug expense per hospitalization day in case group was significantly higher than that of control group（median 2 160.38 yuan vs 1 321.10 yuan， P＜0.001）.ConclusionPulmonary infection can be easily developed following tracheotomy, A. baumannii is the major pathogen for VAP; pulmonary infection can increase economic burden of patients.