ObjectiveTo investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens causing communityassociated pneumonia(CAP) in children，and provide basis for rational treatment.MethodsData of pathogens isolated from sputum of 242 children with CAP in a hospital between January 2011 and February 2012 were analyzed.ResultsThe top 5 pathogens isolated from VAP children were Streptococcus pneumoniae（102 isolates）, Haemophilus influenzae（48 isolates）, Moraxella catarrhalis（30 isolates）, Staphyloccocus aureus （19 isolates）, and Escherichia coli（14 isolates）. Pathogens were slightly different in children of different ages, Staphyloccocus aureus and Escherichia coli were mainly isolated from infants. The resistant rates of the top 5 pathogens to penicillin were higher, the resistant rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis to the third and fourth generation cephalosporins were slightly lower; the resistant rate of Staphyloccocus aureus to vancomycin was 0.00%; the resistant rates of Escherichia coli to cefoxitin and carbapenems were 0.00%. ConclusionThe realizing of the distribution of pathogens causing CAP is beneficial to the correct empirical antimicrobial application in children with CAP.