ObjectiveTo realize the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of common pathogens in children with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), and provide basis for rational use of antimicrobial agents.MethodsPathogens were isolated from sputum of hospitalized children with LRTI in 2012, identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of major pathogens were performed with VITEK2compact system.ResultsOf 1 080 sputum specimens, 314(29.07%) isolates of pathogens were detected, 224(71.34%) of which were gramnegative bacilli, the major were Escherichia coli (n=56),Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=49), Enterobacter cloacae（n=46）,Serratia marcescens（n=39）; grampositive bacteria were 85 isolates (27.07%), the major were Staphylococcus aureus (n=30,8 were methicillinresistant strains), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (n=26), and Staphylococcus epidermidis (n=16, 6 were methicillinresistant strains); fungi were 5 isolates(1.59%), all were Candida albicans. Gramnegative bacilli were sensitive to imipenem and meropenem,sensitive rate was 100.00%, but had broadspectrum cephalosporin resistance; grampositive bacteria had 100.00% sensitive rate to vancomycin and was highly sensitive to linezolid. ConclusionMultidrugresistant organisms exists in LRTI in children, clinicians should pay attention to the resistance mechanisms of pathogens,use antimicrobial agents according to antimicrobial susceptibility testing results.