3年175例儿童细菌性痢疾的流行病学及临床分析
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刘开琴

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R516.4

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Epidemiological and clinical analysis on bacillary dysentery in 175 children in three years
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    摘要:

    目的了解近3年儿童细菌性痢疾的流行病学与临床特点、菌群及耐药性变化。方法对某院2010—2012年儿科肠道门诊收治的经粪便培养确诊的175例细菌性痢疾患儿病历资料进行回顾性分析。结果儿童细菌性痢疾的发病高峰在7~9月份(占74.86%);主要集中在1~3岁(不含1岁含3岁)、3~5岁(不含3岁含5岁)两个年龄段(分别占23.43%、25.14%);临床表现主要为腹泻(100%)、阵发性腹痛 (94.29%)、发热 (77.14%),脓血便、里急后重的典型症状较以往减少。分离福氏志贺菌113株(64.57%),宋内志贺菌62株(35.43%)。药敏结果显示,175株志贺菌对氨苄西林、氨苄西林/舒巴坦、复方磺胺甲口恶唑有很高的耐药率,分别达到97.14%、72.57%、78.29%;对庆大霉素、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、左氧氟沙星的敏感率仍较高(耐药率为4.57%~16.57%);对头孢噻肟、头孢他啶的敏感率均在95%以上。结论儿童细菌性痢疾不典型病例在逐渐增多;本地志贺菌菌型以福氏志贺菌为主;志贺菌对一些抗菌药物的敏感性发生了较大变化,医生在使用抗菌药物时应引起重视。

    Abstract:

    ObjectiveTo investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics, pathogen species, and antimicrobial resistance of bacillary dysentery in children in recent three years.MethodsClinical data of 175 children with bacillary dysentery in a hospital in 20102012 were analyzed retrospectively. ResultsPeaks month of occurrence of bacterial dysentery in children was in JulySeptember (74.86%), incidence in children in 1-3 years old group (1 year old was excluded, 3 years old was included) was 23.43%, and  in  3-5 years old group (3 years old was excluded, 5 years old was included) was 25.14%. The main clinical manifestations were diarrhea (100%), paroxysmal abdominal pain(94.29%),and fever (77.14%), but the typical symptoms of bloody purulent stool and tenesmus were less than the previous. The isolation rate of Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei was 64.57% (n=113) and 35.43% (n=62) respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility test result revealed that the resistance rate of 175 Shigella isolates  to ampicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, and compound sulfamethoxazole  was 97.14%, 72.57%, and 78.29% respectively; sensitivity rate to gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin,  and  levofloxacin  were  still  high ,  resistance rates were 4.57%-16.57%,  sensitivity rate to cefotaxime and ceftazidime were up to more than 95%. ConclusionAtyptical bacillary dysentery in children increases gradually; the major Shigella in local area is Shigella flexneri; Susceptibility of Shigella to some antimicrobial agents changed obviously, antimicrobial use should be paid attention.

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引用本文

任瑞平,刘开琴.3年175例儿童细菌性痢疾的流行病学及临床分析[J]. 中国感染控制杂志,2014,13(6):349-352. DOI:10.3969/j. issn.1671-9638.2014.06.007.
REN Ruiping, LIU Kaiqin. Epidemiological and clinical analysis on bacillary dysentery in 175 children in three years[J]. Chin J Infect Control, 2014,13(6):349-352. DOI:10.3969/j. issn.1671-9638.2014.06.007.

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  • 收稿日期:2013-07-10
  • 最后修改日期:2013-09-23
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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-06-30
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