ObjectiveTo analyze the present medical teaching textbooks and practice skill guidelines, and explore the profound causes of poor hand hygiene idea among doctors. MethodsThree sets of unified textbook series used for domestic medical colleges and universities and two sets of manipulation skill guidelines were studies. Statistical method was conducted to analyze whether concepts and methods of hand hygiene, handwashing and antiseptic handrubbing were included in these teaching textbooks; as to eight aseptic manipulation skills, coverage of knowledge, steps of handwashing and antiseptic handrubbing in manipulation skill guidelines were also analyzed. ResultsThe mentioning rate of hand hygiene, handwashing and antiseptic handrubbing in 8year and 5year program teaching textbooks were both 0, in nursing teaching textbooks was 100%; as to 8 aseptic manipulation in 2 sets of skill practice guidelines, mentioning rate of  hand washing was 37.50%, and method and steps of antiseptic handrubbing were both 0. ConclusionSchool teaching and skill assessment are the basis, it is difficult to form the right idea by only relying on continuing education without basic education. Hand hygiene should be stressed in the written of teaching textbooks, guidelines should be written following the newest progress, so as to form the correct idea of hand hygiene among doctors.