ObjectiveTo study the risk factors for catheterrelated bloodstream infection (CRBSI) in an intensive care unit （ICU）, and provide scientific evidence for CRBSI prevention and control. Methods1 677 ICU patients with central venous catheterization (CVC) for>48 hours between January 2008 and December 2012 were divided into CRBSI group and nonCRBSI group, risk factors  for CRBSI were analyzed. ResultsThe utilization rate of CVC was 92.88% (21 041 d); 86 (5.13%) patients developed CRBSI, the incidence of CRBSI per 1 000 catheterizationday was 4.02, the mortality of CRBSI group was significantly higher than nonCRBSI group (58.14% ［50/86］ vs 36.83%［586/1 591］)（χ2=15.74，P＜0.01）.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for CRBSI included length of stay in ICU>5 days, CVC>5 days, the episode of CVC>1 (P<0.01). ConclusionRealizing the occurrence status and risk factors of CRBSI in ICU patients can provide reference for further targeted monitor and implementation of zero tolerance goal of the CRBSI.