ObjectiveTo reduce infection risk in hemodialysis patients through analyzing the  causes of over standard colony forming unit(CFU) and conducting bacteriological detection of  hemodialysis concentrated B solution. MethodsAccording to microbial monitoring results of hemodialysis concentrate B solution  in a hospital between November 2011 and May 2012, disinfection frequency of B solution was changed and dispensing container was covered during the process of using, four groups were divided according to different measures (group A disinfected  twice a week, covered during the process of using; group B  twice a week; group C once a week; group D once every two weeks), monthly bacteriological detection of B solution was conducted, condition before and after disinfection of four groups were compared. ResultsBacterial count in group A, B  ,C and D was（25.41±15.08）,（28.24±28.04）,（68.58±22.58）,and （75.25±26.63）CFU/mL, respectively (F=79.00，P<0.01）; bacterial count of group A, B, and C after intervention were all lower than group D before intervention  (all P<0.01)，bacterial count of group A and B was the lowest. The qualified rate of group A was 100.00%， the unqualified rate of group B,C, and D was 13.95%,24.24%, and 35.94% respectively（χ2=28.70，P<0.01），the unqualified  rates of group A, B, and C after intervention were all lower than group D. ConclusionHemodialysis concentrated B solution  should be  used within 24 hours after preparing,  disinfected twice a week, and  covered during the process of using , so as to control B solution colony number within the standard level.