ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of intervention measures in reducing infection caused by multidrugresistant organisms (MDROs).MethodsFrom October 2013 to September 2014, a survey was conducted among 46 hospitals of 12 provinces and cities in China, from October 2013 to March 2014 was baseline investigation stage(before intervention), from April 2014 to September 2014 was intervention stage(after intervention), the occurrence of MDRO infection and compliance to prevention and control measures before and after intervention were compared.ResultsA total of 34 081 cases were monitored, the overall patientdays were 302 818 d, there were 1 122 episodes of hospitalonset infection(HOI), HOI case rate was 3.71‰ . Of various MDROs, infection case rate caused by carbapenemresistant Acinetobacter baumannii per 1 000 patientdays was  highest (2.47‰);  Of different intensive care units(ICUs),  incidence of HOI per 1 000 patientdays was highest in surgical ICUs ( 5.55‰). The overall MDRO HOI case rate decreased from 3.96/ 1 000 patientdays before intervention to 3.53 / 1 000 patientdays after intervention, the difference was significant (P=0.03). HOI case rate per 1 000 patientdays in respiratory and emergency ICUs decreased significantly after intervention(both P＜0.05).The compliance to prevention and control measures (isolation,  hanging isolation signs, hand hygiene, wearing gloves, item exclusive use), as well as doctors, nurses, and cleaning staff awareness enhanced significantly after intervention (all P＜0.05).ConclusionBy carrying out prevention and control measures on MDROs and monitoring the compliance to various measures, compliance to various measures can be improved, and MDRO HOI can decrease effectively.