ObjectiveTo investigate healthcareassociated infection(HAI) in different departments in a children’s hospital, and provide scientific basis for effective prevention and control of HAI in children.MethodsBy bedside visiting and medical record reviewing, survey on HAI prevalence rate was conducted among hospitalized patients in a given day in 2012, 2013, and 2014 respectively, and surveyed data of three years were analyzed.ResultsHAI prevalence rates in 2012, 2013, and 2014 were 6.52%, 5.59%, and 5.85% respectively, there was no significant  difference (χ2=1.02, P=0.60); the average HAI prevalence rate in three years  was 5.98%, there was significant difference in average HAI prevalence rate among different departments（χ2=291.83，P＜0.001）, the top 4 departments of HAI prevalence rate was hematology (27.49%), cardiothoracic surgery (21.13%), neonatal intensive care unit (16.43%), and pediatric intensive care unit (12.76%); the main infection sites were lower respiratory tract (58.44%), upper respiratory tract (22.63%), and  gastrointestinal tract (6.58%); the main pathogens causing HAI was Klebsiella pneumoniae(n=32,28.32%), followed by Acinetobacter baumannii  (n=9,7.96%),  Escherichia  coli (n=9,7.96%),and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=7, 6.19%).ConclusionStrengthening prevention and control intervention of HAI in high risk departments has important significance to reduce the incidence of HAI in children’s hospital.