ObjectiveTo realize basic status of occupational exposure among medical postgraduates, and provide theoretical evidence for making occupational precaution measures.MethodsData about occupational exposure among medical postgraduates in a teaching hospital between January 2011 and December 2013 were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsA total of 3 362 medical postgraduates  were monitored, 56 (1.67%) sustained occupational exposure. The most common occupational exposure sites were left hand  thumbs(n=15, 26.79%）, occupational exposure most frequently occurred during operation（n=29，51.79%），a total of 40(71.43%)  occupational exposure occurred during the process of  operation and invasive procedure,all were sharp injuries. 46(82.14%) exposure sources were with bloodbornetransmitted diseases. Surgery students accounted for 66.07%(n=37) of students sustained occupational exposure, exposure rate in master’s candidates was higher than doctoral  candidates(2.31% vs 0.28%，χ2=18.325，P＜0.001）. After timely treatment and preventive medication, none of the students were infected.ConclusionIt is necessary to strengthen the occupational safety education for medical postgraduates, improve precaution awareness, standardize all kinds of procedures,and implement standard precaution; timely and effective treatment after exposure is important for reducing occupational injury among medical postgraduates.