ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence of surgical site infection(SSI) following clean incision breast surgery under nonlocal anesthesia, and evaluate risk factors for SSI.MethodsClinical data of 3 327 patients who underwent clean incision breast surgery under nonlocal anesthesia in 22 hospitals in Fujian Province were surveyed retrospectively, SSI and risk factors were analyzed.ResultsAmong 3 327 patients, 1 502（45.19%）were with malignant tumors, the average duration of surgery were （101.18±8.04）minutes; a total of 24 cases of SSI occurred, incidence of SSI was 0.72%；253（7.60%）patients received preoperative antimicrobial prophylaxis, 62.66% used antimicrobial agents within 0.5-2 hours before surgery. The main pathogenic bacteria was Staphylococcus aureus. Univariate and logistic regression analysis revealed that malignant tumor, diabetes mellitus,and use of immunosuppressants were all risk factors for SSI (all P＜0.05).ConclusionSSI following clean incision breast surgery under nonlocal anesthesia is well controlled, risk factors for SSI should be evaluated before operation, comprehensive preventive measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of SSI.