ObjectiveTo evaluate the incidence and influencing factors for postoperative healthcareassociated  infection(HAI) in Uyghur patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery in a hospital.MethodsClinical data of Uyghur patients hospitalized in the department of cardiothoracic surgery in a hospital of  Kashgar region between June 2010 and June 2014 were collected, incidence of postoperative HAI was surveyed.  Influencing factors for postoperative HAI were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.ResultsA total of 779 patients’ clinical data were collected, 53 patients (6.80%) developed postoperative HAI. The major infection sites were lower respiratory tract (2.44%), digestive tract(1.28%), urinary tract(1.16%), upper respiratory tract(1.03%), and surgical sites(0.51%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that history of diabetes, body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2, duration of operation ≥ 160 minutes, and invasive procedure were risk factors for postoperative HAI in Uyghur patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery.ConclusionIncidence of postoperative HAI in Uyghur patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery in this hospital is high, risk factors for HAI are history of diabetes, high BMI, long duration of operation, and invasive procedure.