ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence rate of healthcareassociated infection（HAI） in Xiangya Hospital，and provide reference for preventing and controlling HAI.MethodsThe cross sectional surveys on prevalence rates of HAI, crosssectional antimicrobial use, and bacterial detection among all hospitalized patients on the given days in 2000-2014 (except 2006) were carried out by combination of bedside investigation and medical record reviewing.ResultsThe prevalence rates of HAI in 2000-2014 decreased from 6.30% to 3.91%, difference was statistically significant (χ2=35.14，P＜0.001); prevalence rates of communityassociated infection（CAI）were 15.61%-15.76%, there was no significant difference among each year. General intensive care unit (ICU) had the highest prevalence rate; respiratory tract was the most common site of both HAI and CAI; urinary catheterization rate showed a decreased tendency, arteriovenous catheterization rate showed a increased tendency, difference were both significant（χ2=5.21,96.24，respectively, both P＜0.001）. In 2008-2014, pathogenic detection rates for specimens from patients receiving therapeutic antimicrobial agents were 36.37%-44.51%，from patients with HAI were 34.00%-44.99%，detection rate of pathogens causing HAI were 41.57%-68.48%,all showed a increased tendency, difference was significant (χ2=22.78， 10.03,26.49, respectively, all P<0.001). Gramnegative bacteria were the main pathogens causing infection; both cross sectional and combination antimicrobial usage rates declined （P＜0.05）.ConclusionPrevention and control of HAI,and antimicrobial management has achieved preliminary success, prevalence rate of HAI and cross sectional antimicrobial usage rate declined obviously, the main pathogen is gramnegative bacteria，and the major infection site is lower respiratory tract.