ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of multiple intervention measures on perioperative antimicrobial use in patients undergoing typeⅠincision operation in a hospital, and provide basis for rational use of antimicrobial agents. Methods9 823 patients with type I incision operation in April and October of 2005-2012 were surveyed  retrospectively,  data of 2005 was as baseline,  from 2006 to 2012, multiple measures, including  training, examination, supervision, feedback, and cooperation of relevant departments were conducted, antimicrobial use before and after intervention was compared. ResultsThe qualified rate of perioperative antimicrobial use in patients undergoing type Ⅰ incision operation increased from 14.20% in 2006 to 92.30% in 2012; the rate of combined use of antimicrobial agents was relatively higher (7.00%-9.00%） in 2006-2009，had a downward trend in 2010- 2012, and decreased to 3.20% in 2012. Types of antimicrobial agents for prophylactic use in type Ⅰ incision operation in 2006 and 2007 were similar to that of 2005, the main used antimicrobial agents were cephalosporins, penicillin and it’s compounds, and aminoglycosides; the major antimicrobial prophylaxis in 2008-2012 were  the first and second generation cephalosporins, penicillin and it’s compounds. Multivariate nonconditional logistic regression analysis showed that age (40-59 years old), departments (orthopedics, general surgery, and ophthalmology), and years (2011 and 2012) were the main influencing factors for the qualified use of antimicrobial agents（all P＜0.05）. ConclusionImplementation of multiple intervention measures can improve the qualified rate of perioperative antimicrobial use in type Ⅰ incision operation, reduce types of antimicrobial use and rate of combined antimicrobial use.