ObjectiveTo investigate the current situation and existing problems of healthcareassociated infection(HAI) management in primary medical institutions in Henan Province. Methods36 primary medical institutions in 18 regions were investigated with random sampling method, development of HAI management in primary medical institutions before and after 2013 were compared. ResultsAmong 36 primary medical institutions, 31 (86.11%) had cleaning, disinfection, sterilization, and isolation systems, 13 (36.11%) implemented HAI monitoring system, 31 (86.11%) performed regular training on hand hygiene knowledge, 6 (16.67%) allocated antimicrobial management professionals. The development rates in HAI management group, hand hygiene system, training on related knowledge among staff, HAI monitoring, and antimicrobial management in 36 primary medical institutions before 2013 were all lower than those after 2013 （41.67% VS 75.00%；2.78% VS 30.56%；22.22% VS 69.44%；5.56% VS 33.33%；25.00% VS 66.67%, all P＜0.05）. ConclusionHAI management level in primary medical institutions has improved than before, but deficiencies still exists and needs further improvement.