ObjectiveTo study the risk factors for healthcareassociated infection (HAI) in burn patients undergoing surgery, and provide theoretical basis for the effective reduction of HAI in burn patients.Methods480 burn patients who underwent surgery in a tertiary firstclass comprehensive hospital from January to December 2015 were surveyed retrospectively, risk factors for HAI were analyzed.ResultsAmong 480 burn patients, 38 had 44 times of HAI, incidence and case incidence of HAI were 7.92% and 9.17% respectively. The main infection sites were surgical site (n=19, 43.18 %), bloodstream (n=8, 18.18%), and lower respiratory tract(n=5, 11.36%). Univariate analysis result showed that combined diabetes， timing of surgery, duration of surgery，stay in intensive care unit，length of hospital stay, mechanical ventilation, central venous catheterization, and urinary tract catheterization were all related with the occurrence of HAI (all P< 0.05); Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that duration of operation≥3 hours（OR=4.455，P＜0.001), length of hospital stay＞30 days（OR=4.417，P＜0.001), and urinary tract catheterization（OR=4.215，P＜0.001) were all risk factors for HAI in burn patients undergoing surgery.ConclusionStrengthening perioperative management, shortening duration of surgery，reducing unnecessary urinary catheterization, and shortening length of hospital stay can effectively reduce the occurrence of HAI in burn patients undergoing surgery.