ObjectiveTo understand hand hygiene(HH) among health care workers(HCWs) in primary medical institutions in Shijiazhuang, and evaluate HH compliance, so as to formulate the strategy for HH management.MethodsIn 2015, one countylevel comprehensive medical institution and two township medical institutions from each of seven counties of Shijiazhuang city were randomly selected, HH qualified rates of HCWs in all divisions of internal medicine before clinical procedures and after HH were analyzed statistically.Results118 HCWs before clinical procedures and 130 HCWs after HH were monitored. The qualified rate of HH of physicians and nurses before clinical procedures were 44.26%(27/61) and 40.35%(23/57) respectively; HH qualified rate of nurses in township hospitals before clinical procedures were higher than countylevel hospitals（χ2=6.447，P=0.011）; the qualified rate of HH of physicians and nurses after HH were 98.41%(62/63) and 98.51%(66/67) respectively; there were significant differences in the qualified rates before clinical procedures as well as after HH in HCWs at different levels and types of medical institutions（all P<0.05）.ConclusionThe qualified rate of HH among HCWs in primary medical institutions in Shijiazhuang before clinical procedures is low, medical institutions should improve the HH compliance among HCWs from various aspects.