ObjectiveTo understand the occupational exposure among medical laboratorians in a hospital, and put forward prevention and control measures.MethodsOccupational exposure among medical laboratorians in the department of laboratory medicine of a hospital from January 2011 to December 2014 were analyzed statistically.ResultsA total of 72 cases of occupational exposure occurred among 217 laboratorians during 4 years, occupational exposure rate was 33.18%, the occupational exposure rate in interns was 46.23%, and in laboratorians with working seniority< 1 years was 49.56%. Occupational exposure mainly occurred in outpatient blood collection room(accounting for 38.89%），the main occupational exposure types were injuries by blood collection needles, skin contaminated by blood and body fluid(76.39%). Occupational exposure rates in medical laboratorians in this hospital during 2011-2014 were 53.66%（22/41）, 41.67%（20/48）, 26.23%（16/61）, and 20.90%（14/67）, respectively，which presented a declining tendency（χ2 =12.286，P＜0.01）. After occupational exposure, only 23 cases were reported according to the requirements of infection management department, the missing report rate was 68.06% (49/72), correct handling rate was 80.56%（58/72）.ConclusionLaboratorians should strengthen education and training of healthcareassociated infection management, improve safety and prevention consciousness, standardize handling process, improve consciousness of reporting, so as to reduce the occurrence of occupational exposure and post exposure infection.