ObjectiveTo understand the effect of improving compliance rate to multidrugresistant organism (MDRO) prevention and control measures on reducing MDRO transmission in the intensive care unit (ICU). MethodsAll  patients in 5 ICUs of a hospital in MarchJune 2014 were chosen, March 1April 30, 2014 was baseline survey stage, May 1June 30, 2014 was intervention stage (comprehensive intervention measures were taken), the implementation of patients contact isolation measures, as well as awareness of MDROrelated knowledge among health care workers(HCWs) in 5 ICUs before and after intervention were compared respectively. ResultsHCWs’ awareness rates of MDRO transmission modes, contact isolation measures, and informing of department transfer after intervention were all higher than before intervention(100.00% vs 67.22%, 98.89% vs 61.11%, 93.33% vs 45.56%, respectively）; except singleroom isolation，compliance rates to other prevention and control measures(including doctor’s advice on isolation, bedside isolation, wearing isolation gowns, adding isolation logo) were all higher than before intervention(>70% vs <50%, all P＜0.01). Detection rate of MDROs after intervention was lower than before intervention (7.16%［90/1 257］ vs 9.65%［117/1 212］, χ2=5.00，P=0.03). ConclusionComprehensive intervention measures can improve HCWs’ compliance to prevention and control measures on MDROs, and reduce the transmission of MDROs.