ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of hydrocolloid dressings on preventing mechanical phlebitis induced by peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in cancer patients. Methods100 cancer patients with PICC were divided into observation group (n=50) and control group (n=50). Hydrocolloid dressing was used in observation group and hotwet compress was used in control group. Incidence of mechanical phlebitis, comfort degree, and implementation time between two groups were compared.ResultsThe incidence of mechanical phlebitis in observation group and control group were 4.0%（2/50）and 22.0%（11/50）respectively, grade of mechanical phlebitis in observation group was significantly lower than control group（P＜0.05）. The rates of skin irritation, activity limitation, and body exposure in observation group were all significantly lower than control group(0 vs 10.0%, 2.0% vs 14.0%, 0 vs 16.0%, respectively, all P<0.05）, the implementation time of observation group and control group were （2.8±1.1）and (35.2±7.4) minutes respectively, difference was statistically significant（P＜0.05）. ConclusionHydrocolloid dressing can significantly reduce the mechanical phlebitis induced by PICC, enhance patients’ comfort degree, and reduce nurses’ workload.