ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of nurses’ needlestick injuries during venous blood sampling, evaluate effective prevention strategies. MethodsA stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate clinical nurses in China by questionnaire, contents of questionnaire included the general information of nurses, training and management on venous blood sampling among nursing staff, adherence to wearing gloves before blood sampling, the occurrence of needlestick injuries during the process of venous blood sampling in the past year and so on. ResultsA total of 2 861 questionnaires were distributed, and 2 575 valid questionnaires were recovered. 93.17% of the investigated nurses had participated in the training of venous blood sampling regularly; 87.15% received regular check of venous blood sampling; before venous blood sampling, only 72.74% knew whether the patient had bloodborne infectious disease; only 61.01% wore gloves during blood sampling. Incidence of needlestick injuries during venous blood sampling was 20.78% in the past year. There was no significant differences in the incidence of needlestick injuries when using 3 different types of needles(Pearson χ2=1.649, P=0.438). 48.21% of needlestick injuries occurred during disposing medical waste．ConclusionThe training and management on nurses’ venous blood sampling is better in China, but incidence of needlestick injuries is still high. It is necessary to formulate safety operation regulations of venous blood sampling, standardize the operation procedures and specify the contents of training, so as to correct nurses’ unsafe behavior during venous blood sampling.