ObjectiveTo explore risk factors for surgical site infection(SSI) in colorectal surgery, and provide evidence for formulating measures for preventing SSI. MethodsPatients who underwent colorectal surgery in the department of gastrointestinal surgery of a hospital from June 2013 to June 2016 were surveyed retrospectively, the related risk factors for SSI were analyzed by unconditional logistic regression analysis. ResultsAmong 397 patients who underwent colorectal surgery, 67 (16.88%) had SSI. Logistic regression analysis showed that smoking, low albumin, seniority of surgeons less than 5 years, irrational use of antimicrobial agents during perioperative period, and high National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance (NNIS) score were independent risk factors for SSI after colorectal surgery (all P<0.05). ConclusionThere are multiple risk factors for SSI after colorectal surgery, it is necessary to pay attention to it and formulate preventive measures, so as to reduce the occurrence of SSI effectively.