ObjectiveTo investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) from intensive care units(ICUs) and general wards of a hospital, and provide scientific basis for rational use of antimicrobial agents in clinic. MethodsIdentification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of clinically isolated bacteria in this hospital in 2016 were performed by VITEK 2 Compact automatic microbial analysis system, difference in antimicrobial resistance of P. aeruginosa between ICUs and general wards was compared.ResultsThe tested specimens were mainly sputum in both ICUs and general wards, accounting for 78.7% and 66.5% respectively. There was no significant difference in the isolation rate of P. aeruginosa between ICUs and general wards (11.7% vs 11.0%, P>0.05). P. aeruginosa isolated from ICUs had the highest resistance rate to aztreonam (73.8%)，resistance rates to piperacillin/tazobactam, cefoperazone/sulbactam, ceftazidime, imipenem, and meropenem were all up to more than 50%; P. aeruginosa detected in general wards had the highest resistance rate to aztreonam(59.6%), followed by piperacillin/tazobactam and imipenem, accounting for 48.0% and 44.3% respectively；resistance rates of P. aeruginosa isolated from ICUs to 12 kinds of antimicrobial agents were all higher than those of general wards(P<0.05). ConclusionResistance rate of P. aeruginosa from ICUs is higher than that in general wards, which should be paid attention, antimicrobial agents should be selected for clinical treatment of infection according to the results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing result.