ObjectiveTo construct a risk assessment tool framework for surgical wound infection(SWI). MethodsThe assessment system was constructed by referring to expert interviews, relevant domestic and foreign literatures, and the latest SWI guidelines. After two rounds of Delphi expert consultation, the assessment items were drawn up, selected and modified, and the initial scale was established. ResultsThe positive coefficients of two rounds of expert Delphi methods were 84% and 100% respectively; expert personal authority coefficient were both>75%, the all expert authority coefficient was 0.86; two rounds of Kendall’s W coefficients were 0.450 and 0.441 respectively (all P <0.05). The recommendations of two rounds of experts were 26 and 5 items respectively. The final assessment system indexes included 4 firstlevel indicators, 10 secondlevel indicators, and 27 thirdlevel indicators.ConclusionThe risk assessment tool framework for SWI is preliminarily established, which can provide a scientific basis for the effective evaluation of the risk of postoperative SWI.