ObjectiveTo understand current situation of construction and management as well as problems existing in the maintenance and management of clean operating rooms in Yunnan Province, provide basis for health administration department to standardize the construction and use management of clean operating rooms. MethodsA total of 135 secondary and higher general hospitals in whole province were surveyed by questionnaires, comprehensive performance of clean operating rooms was sampled for detection. ResultsOf 135 hospitals, 80.00% have built clean operating rooms, there was no significant difference in the constituent ratios of clean operating rooms in hospitals of different levels and different number of beds (P＞0.05). Clean operating rooms in 81.48% of hospitals had speciallyassigned persons to be responsible for daily maintenance of purification of airconditioning system, some hospitals didn’t replace primary, middle, and high efficiency filters as required, there was no significant difference in the maintenance of purification of air conditioning system between tertiary and secondary hospitals (P>0.05), 92.45% of hospitals carried out the monitoring of sediment bacteria, 37.96% of hospitals entrusted thirdparty agents to carry out comprehensive monitoring on clean operating rooms. Comprehensive monitoring results of 81 clean operating rooms in 34 hospitals showed that none were all qualified for 8 detected indexes, there was no significant difference in detection indexes between tertiary and secondary hospitals (P>0.05); there was significant difference in dust particle count between filter replacement group and nonreplacement group (P<0.05). ConclusionThere are discrepancies between No. of construction, cleanliness level of clean operating room, and hospital size as well as actual demand in Yunnan Province, maintenance and management in the established clean operating rooms is universally insufficient, it is necessary for hospitals and all levels of health administration departments strengthen management and supervision, standardize the construction, maintenance and management of clean operating rooms.