ObjectiveTo analyze the distribution of main pathogens, antimicrobial susceptibility, and clinical characteristics of osteoarticular infection, and provide evidence for clinical treatment.MethodsA retrospective survey was conducted on clinical data and pathogenic results of hospitalized patients with osteoarticular infection diagnosed by etiology and pathology in Peking University First Hospital from 2009 to 2016, surveyed data were analyzed statistically.ResultsA total of 99 cases of bacterial osteoarticular infection were enrolled, 100 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated, grampositive bacteria accounted for 67.00%, 49.00% of which were Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacteriaceae bacteria accounted for 67.74% of 31 strains of gramnegative bacteria. Isolation rate of methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was 16.13%, resistance rates of Staphylococcus spp. to fluoroquinolones and rifampicin were both lower than 30%. Complication with other site infection (urinary tract infection, intestinal infection, bloodstream infection) was an independent risk factor for gramnegative bacterial steoarticular infection (P=0.027, OR=10.536, 95% CI: 1.300-85.417).ConclusionStaphylococcus spp. is still the main pathogen causing osteoarticular infection, proportion of MRSA is low. Patients with urinary tract infection and intestinal infection as well as long duration of implant should be considered the possibility of gramnegative bacterial infection when they develop steoarticular infection.