ObjectiveTo evaluate treatment strategies for fungal endocarditis after heart prosthetic valve surgery.MethodsTwo cases of severe fungal infection after heart prosthetic valves surgery were analyzed retrospectively, related literatures were reviewed.ResultsTwo patients had fungal endocarditis after surgery, the valve function was affected, patients were hospitalized repeatedly after surgery. In case 1, fever occurred 45 days after cardiac surgery and patient was returned to the hospital for reexamination, emergency mitral valve replacement was performed under cardiopulmonary bypass, the postoperative vegetation culture suggested Aspergillus flavus. In case 2, the aortic wall vegetation was removed 5 months after heart surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass, pathology of postoperative vegetation suggested mucor. Two patients were promptly removed infection foci through surgery and treated with standard antifungal agents, patient with Aspergillus infection died after rescue, and patient with mucor infection was cured, the latter was more powerful in antifungal therapy.ConclusionPrevention is the key to fungal endocarditis after heart prosthetic valve surgery, treatment should be prompt and effective, antifungal agents should be given in sufficient dose and course.