ObjectiveTo understand the status of hand hygiene(HH) of health care workers(HCWs) in a tertiary hospital in Zhuhai.MethodsHH compliance of doctors, nurses, and cleaners randomly selected from 15 clinical departments in the whole hospital was observed through concealed observation by medical interns in OctoberNovember 2016. ResultsHH compliance rate and correct rate of clinical departments in the whole hospital were 33.44%(1 131/3 382) and 59.86%(677/1 131) respectively, there was a significant difference in the compliance rate of HH among different types of HCWs （χ2=12.610，P=0.002），HH compliance rate from high to low was  nurses (35.85%), cleaners (32.28%), and doctors (29.50%). Of five HH moments, HCWs’ HH compliance rate after patient’s body fluid exposure was the highest (69.74%), while after touching patient surroundings was the worst (25.03%). HH compliance rates of HCWs with different occupations at different HH moments were all significantly different (all P<0.05), HH compliance rates of doctors before aseptic procedure and after patient’s body fluid exposure were higher than nurses(71.25% vs 32.44%; 82.86% vs 69.78%, respectively), HH compliance rate of nurses was highest after touching a patient(40.06%).ConclusionHH status in this hospital is not optimistic, HH compliance rate and correct rate are low, HH compliance rates of HCWs with different occupations and at different HH moments are both different, which need to be improved.