Objective To investigate and control the outbreak of infection caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) in a gastroenterology intensive care unit (ICU), so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of clinical multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). Methods Epidemiological investigation was conducted on 3 patients with CRKP infection in a gastroenterology ICU on January 21-31, 2018, specimens were collected with environmental biology monitoring method, CRKP in environment was searched, homology between patients and environmental isolates were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results Three patients were all isolated CRKP from sputum and blood specimens, all were male, with adjacent beds in the same ward, and treated by the same doctor. The number of isolated CRKP and infection rate in January 2018 were higher than those in other months, infection rate was significantly different (χ²=13.67, P<0.01). A total of 102 environmental specimens were collected, including air and surface of objects, only 1 of which (nurse's uniform) was isolated 1 strain of KP. PFGE typing of KP isolated from patients and environment showed that there were two genotypes A and B, KP isolated from uniform of a nurse, hydrops abdominis and blood specimen of patient at bed 07, blood specimen of patient at bed 08, as well as sputum and blood specimen of patient at bed 09 were all type A, KP isolated from sputum specimen of patient at bed 07 was type B, KP isolated from hydrops abdominis in patient at bed 09 was not be typed. After comprehensive intervention, CRKP was not no longer isolated from 3 patients, and there was no new case in the ward. Conclusion Imperfect implementation of prevention and control measures for MDROs by health care workers may be an important cause for the spread of CRKP.