Objective To clarify the drug resistance of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, explore the risk factors for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB), and provide basis for the prevention and treatment of MDR-TB. Methods 468 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were collected, including 365 newly treated patients and 103 retreated patients. Susceptibility of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to antituberculous drugs was detected by proportion method. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were adopted to analyze the risk factors for MDR-TB. Results The overall drug resistance rate, multidrug resistance rate and extensive drug resis-tance rate of 468 patients were 25.85%, 11.97%, and 3.21%, respectively. The overall drug resistance rate, multi-drug resistance rate and extensive drug resistance rate in retreated patients were all significantly higher than those in newly treated patients (49.51% vs 19.18%; 34.95% vs 5.48%; 10.68% vs 1.10%, respectively, all P<0.05). The overall drug resistance from high to low was as follows:isoniazide(INH)>rifampicin(RFP)> oxfloxacin(OFX)>ethambutol (EMB)> streptomycin (SM)>kanamycin (KM). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that living in rural areas (OR=2.316,95% CI:1.604-5.118), retreatment (OR=6.150,95% CI:4.728-13.824), tuberculosis cavity (OR=3.219, 95% CI:2.405-8.627), treatment interruption (OR=5.826,95% CI:4.610-12.507) and initial treatment without combined medication (OR=2.508,95% CI:1.813-5.646) were risk factors for the occurrence of MDR-TB. Conclusion Drug resistance rate of pulmonary tuberculosis patients is high, and there are multiple risk factors affecting the occurrence of MDR-TB, active intervention mea-sures should be taken to control the occurrence of MDR-TB.