Objective To evaluate application effect of fluorescence labeling method on survey of compliance to high-frequency touched environmental cleaning in medical institutions in ethnic minority areas. Methods High-frequency touched areas of surgical and obstetric and gynecological wards of a county hospital were selected for fluorescence labeling, after cleaned by cleaners, video monitoring and fluorescence labeling were performed to survey compliance to cleaning, fluorescence was labeled in the middle of door handle of wards to be put into use and in the front panel of door locks which were not easy to be touched by hand, effect of volunteers' frequent opening and frequent touch on fluorescence labeling was observed. Results Fluorescence labeling on 202 points showed that compliance rate to cleaning in high-frequency touched area was 66.83%. The sensitivity and specificity of fluorescence labeling for surveying environmental cleaning were 94.96% and 73.49% respectively; after 8 times of direct touch by hands, the removal rate of fluorescence labeling was 93.94%, there was a significant difference in the removal rate of fluorescence labeling between door handle with different touch frequencies(χ²=49.622,P<0.05). Pairwise comparison showed that the removal rate of fluorescent labeling increased with the increase of frequency of direct hand touch. Conclusion Fluorescent labeling method is applicable to the survey of compliance to environmental cleaning of high frequency-touched area in primary medical institutions, but it should avoid the area where the door handle, elevator button and other personnel directly frequently touched area when fluorescence was labeled. It is necessary to further study the method of labeling on high-frequency touched area when people directly touch the door handle, elevator button an so on.