Objective To investigate the cognition of correct putting on and removing of personal protective equipment(PPE) as well as demand for knowledge on infection prevention and control in epidemic area among health care workers(HCWs) who rushed to Wuhan to participate in anti-epidemic battle. Methods Questionnaire was self-designed on the basis of network platform, relevant demand for infection prevention and control as well as psychological burden of HCWs from Anhui Province to engage in anti-epidemic battle in Wuhan was investigated. Results A total of 625 HCWs were investigated, 66.88% of whom were women, 57.60% were aged 30-39 years. The main departments of medical team members were intensive care unit (ICU, n=151) and department of respiratory diseases (n=131). 590 (94.40%) of HCWs had received theory and manipulation training of PPE through video demonstration before practical manipulation training in epidemic area, but 35 (5.60%) had not received the relevant trai-ning. In the survey of dependence on healthcare-associated infection (HAI) surveillance and control professionals, more than 98% of the 6 items expected HAI surveillance and control professionals to provide guidance and help. 66.08% of HCWs had the feeling of fear before practical manipulation in the epidemic area, 71.68% of HCWs had the feeling of fear and psychological shadow after possible exposure, 91.20% of HCWs hoped to establish a psychological consultation platform about HAI, 91.36% of HCWs felt less afraid after practical manipulation training in the epidemic area. The ratios of nursing professionals who had feeling of fear before practical manipulation training in the epidemic area, feeling of fear and psychological shadow after possible exposure, and desire for establishing a psychological consultation platform about HAI were all higher than the clinical professionals and imaging specialty professionals (68.76% vs 59.26%, 74.19% vs 65.43%, 92.84% vs 86.42%, respectively), difference were all statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusion Medical team members' pre-job practical manipulation demonstration training on putting on and removing of PPE, establishment of standard process, as well as guidance and implementation of disinfection methods and precautions during work and living in the resident station can obviously reduce the psychological burden of HCWs, make them master scientific prevention and control methods, and reduce the risk of infection of HCWs.