Objective To investigate the effect of hemodialysis supervision form on incidence of vascular access-related infection(VAI) in hemodialysis outpatients. Methods A prospective monitoring study was conducted, 2 059 patients in the outpatient hemodialysis center of a large teaching hospital from the third quarter of 2018 to the second quarter of 2019 were selected as control group, and 2 074 patients from the third quarter of 2019 to the second quarter of 2020 were selected as intervention group (patients were monitored by hemodialysis supervision form), incidence of VAI before and after intervention was compared. Results The total incidence of infection at puncture sites before and after intervention were 1.51%(n=31) and 0.82% (n=17) respectively, difference between two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). For patients with non-tunnelled internal jugular vein catheterization, 1 patient had vascular access-related bloodstream infection, incidence of infection at puncture sites decreased from 7.69% before intervention to 0 after intervention; incidence of infection at puncture sites decreased obviously in patients with non-tunnelled internal jugular vein catheterization, which decreased from 10.53% in the third quarter of 2018 to 0. Conclusion Incidence of VAI can be reduced by the intervention in hemodialysis outpatients with hemodialysis supervision form.