Since the mid-1980s, incidence of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) has increased year by year, which has attracted global attention. hvKp is more pathogenic than classic Klebsiella pneumoniae (cKp), it can lead to invasive infection in healthy people, not only with high mortality (3%-31%), but also often accompanied by serious sequelae, such as blindness or neurological diseases. What is more worrying is that, in recent years, the emergence of hvKp strains resistant to the third generation cephalosporins, carbapenem antibiotics and colistin has brought great challenge to clinical treatment and management. Therefore, understanding virulence and drug resis-tance mechanism of hvKp is particularly important, this paper reviews the latest research progress of hvKp.