Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess (KPLA), understand the carrying of virulence gene of Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP), and provide reference for clinical early diagnosis and rational treatment. Methods Clinical data of 34 patients with positive pus culture for bacte-rial liver abscess in the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University from July 2017 to August 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, and were divided into KPLA group and non-KPLA (NKPLA) group. VITEK 2 Compact automatic microbial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility analyzer were used for bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing, string test was conducted for hypermucoviscous KP, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect antimicrobial resistance genes, capsular serotype and virulence genes, results were statistically analyzed. Results Among 34 cases of bacterial liver abscess cases, 22 patients were with KPLA. Most patients in KPLA group had underlying disease diabetes mellitus, while patients in NKPLA group had underlying disease biliary tract disease or malignant tumor. Only 2 (9.1%) of 22 KP strains were both resistant to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and compound sulfamethoxazole, 2 extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) resistance genes were detected from 22 strains of KP, which were bla_TEM(36.4%)and bla_CTX-M-1(27.3%). 22 strains of KP were hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP), 5 kinds of hypervirulent capsular serotypes were detected, and K1 was the main serotype, accounting for 68.2%. 22 strains of KP all carried virulence genes rmpA, iucA, iroB and iutA. Conclusion KPLA is more common in middle-aged and old men, most are with underlying disease diabetes mellitus, all strains are hvKP, mainly K1 serotype, and carry a large number of virulence genes, resistance rate to commonly used antimicrobial agents is low, but it can carry resistance genes, which needs to be paid great attention by clinicians.