Objective To investigate and analyze distribution characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens of wound infection in patients with different burn areas, so as to provide reference for clinical rational use of antimicrobial agents. Methods Bacterial culture results of burn patients with wound infection treated in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from 2015 to 2020 were investigated, according to the different ratio of burn area to total body surface area (TBSA), patients were divided into three groups: less than 10% TBSA, 10%-49% TBSA and ≥ 50% TBSA groups. Distribution characteristics of pathogens of wound infection under different burn areas were analyzed, minimum inhibitory concentration of antimicrobial agents against main pathogens was detected, antimicrobial resistance rates of bacteria in different burn area groups were compared by χ² test. Results A total of 456 strains of wound infection bacteria were isolated from burn patients, including 120 strains in burn area < 10% TBSA group, 135 strains in 10%-49% TBSA group and 201 strains in ≥ 50% TBSA group. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 52.2% (238 strains), mainly Pseudomonas aeruginosa (104 strains, 22.8%), Acinetobacter baumannii (39 strains, 8.5%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (27 strains, 5.9%); Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 47.8% (218 strains), mainly Staphylococcus epidermidis (50 strains, 11.0%) and Staphylococcus aureus (44 strains, 9.6%). Distribution and resistance rate of pathogens causing wound infection at different burn areas were different. When burn area < 10% TBSA, Staphylococcus aureus was the main pathogen; the main pathogen were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii in 10%-49% group and ≥ 50% TBSA group. Antimicro-bial resistance rate of bacteria in ≥ 50% TBSA group increased, resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to cephalosporins and carbapenems were 87.9% (58/66) and 93.9% (62/66) respectively; the isolated 25 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii were multidrug-resistant strains; isolation rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was 100% (9/9), which was significantly higher than that of burn patients in < 10% TBSA group and 10%-49% TBSA group (χ²=6.836, P < 0.05). Conclusion Distribution of pathogens of wound infection in patients with different burn areas is different, when burn area < 10% and ≥ 10%, the main pathogens are Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria respectively, when burn area ≥ 50%, the proportion of bacterial resis-tance and multidrug-resistant organism increased obviously.