Intervertebral space infection caused by Neisseria elongata (N. elongata) is very rare. This case is the first time that N. elongata has been isolated from tissue specimen of patient with intervertebral space infection. N. elongata was identified by VITEK MS automatic microbial mass spectrometry system, VITEK 2 Compact automatic microbial analysis system and molecular sequencing technology. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed and break point was interpreted according to requirements of Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI), M100 S-31. In combination with the results of bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing, patient was treated with cefotaxime/sulbactam for 6 days and piperacillin/tazobactam combined with levofloxacin for 7 days respectively. Patient was obviously improved and discharged from hospital. The diagnosis and treatment process of this case and the biological characteristics of N. elongata are reported, so as to provide guidance basis for the diagnosis and treatment of intervertebral space infection caused by N. elongata.