Objective To analyze the network characteristics and regional collaborative relationship of medical institutions that regularly respond to epidemic events of major infectious diseases, and provide reference for the optimization of regional medical treatment system with the combination of regular and emergency. Methods 344 fever clinics and 120 designated treatment hospitals in Hunan Province are selected as the research objects, geographic information system (GIS) method is adopted to construct the spatial association between fever clinics and designated hospitals, social network analysis (SNA) is adopted to analyze the centrality and cluster of collaborative network of medical institutions, and based on Yifan Hu force-directed graph drawing show algorithm for network visualization. Results There are 344 nodes and 887 edges in the collaborative network between fever clinics and designated hospitals; among the designated hospitals at the provincial, municipal and county levels, the First Hospital of Changsha, Xiangtan Central Hospital, and the People's Hospital of Wangcheng Distric have stronger radiation capacity than institutions of the same level, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Loudi Central Hospital, and the People's Hospital of Lianyuan are relatively "independent". The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Central Hospital of Shaoyang and the People's Hospital of Lianyuan play the role of "Bridges" in the collaborative network; the modularity value of the collaborative network is 0.687, and the spatial clustering forms 5 groups. Conclusion Medical collaborative network in regular response to epidemic events of major infectious diseases in Hunan Province presents the structure of "four districts and one hub", including the regional sub-network cove-ring four provincial designated hospitals and multiple cities, as well as the hub-type sub-network covering a single ci-ty and connecting with multiple districts; the designated hospitals in the collaborative network can be divided into three types: central type, support type and substitute type. In order to form an effective and orderly regional emergency coordination mechanism, it is suggested to refine the function positioning according to the types of designated hospitals and sign inter-city collaborative agreements according to the main collaborative areas.