Objective To analyze relevant characteristics and epidemiological features of healthcare-associated infection (HAI) in the general intensive care unit (GICU) for 10 consecutive years, and provide scientific basis for HAI prevention and control management. Methods The targeted monitoring data of HAI in GICU of a tertiary first-class hospital from January 2013 to December 2022 were analyzed with prospectively targeted monitoring method. Results A total of 15 189 patients were monitored. Incidence and case incidence of HAI were 4.27% and 4.73%, respectively. The incidence and case incidence of HAI in GICU for 10 consecutive years were in a downward trend and tended to be stable, with fluctuation ranges of 2.73%-5.55% and 2.83%-6.48%, respectively. The differences were both statistically significant (both P < 0.05). The main infection sites were the respiratory system (71.34%), the blood system (14.46%) and the urinary system (11.96%). 543 cases of device-related infection occurred, accounting for 75.52%. The incidences of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), catheter-related blood stream infection (CRBSI), and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) were 1.198‰, 0.603‰ and 9.266 ‰, respectively. The total incidence of device-related infection in GICU for 10 consecutive years was 3.531‰, with the highest in 2014 (5.572‰) and lowest in 2022 (2.226‰). A total of 622 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 649 HAI patients, predominantly Gram-negative bacteria (77.82%), with Acinetobacter baumannii being the most commonly detected species (48.39%). A total of 365 multidrug-resistant organism strains were isolated, accounting for 58.68%, with carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (80.27%) being the most prevalent. Conclusion The incidence of HAI in the GICU of the hospital remains at a relatively low level for 10 consecutive years, but the management of device-related infections and multidrug-resistant organism remains the focus for the prevention and control of HAI in GICU.