Rickettsia felis is a newly emerged pathogen of Rickettsia, which is closely related to Rickettsia prowazekii and Rickettsia mooseri, belonging to the genus Rickettsia. This paper analyzes the clinical data of an elderly patient infected with Rickettsia felis, and further summarizes the detection techniques and methods of Ricke-ttsia felis based on domestic and international literatures, so as to enhance the capabilities of clinical health care workers in the early diagnosis of Rickettsia felis infection.