Tuberculosis (TB) imposes a significant disease burden globally, emphasizing the importance of TB prevention and control. In recent years, COVID-19 pandemic has severely disrupted the progress of global TB prevention and control programs, raising concerns about TB prevention and control. Transmission dynamics models have played a crucial role in TB research by providing insights into the patterns and dynamics of TB transmission from both macro and micro perspectives, and evaluating the effectiveness of various intervention measures. This review introduces five TB transmission dynamics models: the compartmental model, the metapopulation model, the agent-based model, the network model, and the phylodynamics model, providing reference and support for the prevention, control and further research of TB.